In the United States, folklore is not merely one overarching genre, but is instead based on a variety of different cultures. Folklore consists of the traditional beliefs and stories of a community.
Before the establishment of the United States, most folklore was that of the Native Americans. Though different Native American tribes had different folkloric stories and traditions, many included explanations for how the Earth was formed. Others were animal tales, explaining particular features or using the animal as a symbol of a deeper concept. These numerous folkloric stories led to the rise of an impressive oral tradition within the majority of Native American tribes.
After the American Revolution, folkloric tales about war heroes were made, including ones about George Washington, the leader of the Continental Army and the nation’s first president, and Betsy Ross, the maker of the first U.S. flag. Tall tales also grew prominent. These exaggerated exploits and included unbelievable elements, some based on history and others purely fictional. One of the earliest, well-recognized American authors was Washington Irving, who wrote short stories like “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” which featured the fictional Headless Horseman character.
In addition to literature, folklore consists of music. American music has been greatly influenced by African American music, first introduced in the 17th century with the forced transportation of African slaves. In fact, much of today’s popular music is based on traditional African drums and rhythms.
Finally, American folklore also includes important cultural and historical symbols. A prime example is the Liberty Bell in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was used as a symbol of freedom by many abolitionists (those wishing to end slavery) in the 19th century. Another important symbol is the fictional character Uncle Sam, who came to represent the American government during the War of 1812.
Overall, around the world, folklore plays an important role in the shaping of a nation’s cultural identity. It also varies from region to region, with different groups within a country having their own folklore, and is an enriching oral tradition that can date very far back in a people’s history.
-Camille Roussel-USA (West Coast)